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Investment ROI Calculator — Annualised Return

Enter the initial investment, final value, and holding period. CalcWize returns total return (the headline number) and the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) — what most investors actually compare. A 60% return over 8 years isn't the same as 60% in 2; CAGR makes them comparable.

Headline return vs. CAGR

Headline return is just (final − initial) / initial. CAGR converts it into an annualised rate as if the investment grew at a steady pace each year. CAGR is what you compare across investments — it's the apples-to-apples figure.

A worked example

Investment A: $10,000 → $16,000 over 8 years. Headline return is 60%, CAGR is 6.05%. Investment B: $10,000 → $16,000 over 2 years. Same headline return — but the CAGR is 26.49%. B grew over four times faster on a per-year basis. Use CAGR to compare; use headline return only when the holding periods are identical.

What CAGR doesn't tell you

CAGR smooths out the journey — it doesn't say anything about volatility along the way. Two investments can have the same CAGR but very different ride: one trundling up steadily, one swinging through 50% drawdowns before recovering. For risk-adjusted comparisons you also need to look at standard deviation, max drawdown, or Sharpe ratio — none of which CalcWize calculates here.

Inflation and tax

A 7% nominal CAGR in a 3% inflation world is a 4% real CAGR — that's your actual purchasing-power gain. Capital-gains tax further erodes the after-tax outcome on the way out (US 0/15/20%, UK 10/20%, ZA 40% inclusion, etc.). For meaningful comparisons across long horizons, deflate by inflation and account for the appropriate capital-gains regime in your jurisdiction.

Frequently asked questions

What’s the difference between total return and CAGR?
Total return is the headline gain regardless of time; CAGR is the steady annual rate that would produce it. Always compare investments by CAGR — a 60% return over 8 years is far weaker than 60% in 2.
Does CAGR show risk?
No. It smooths over the journey, so two investments with the same CAGR can have very different volatility. For risk, look at maximum drawdown and standard deviation.
Does it handle contributions or withdrawals along the way?
No — it assumes a single initial amount and a single final value. For cash flows in between, you need a money-weighted return (IRR).

How we calculate it

Total return is (final − initial) ÷ initial. CAGR — the compound annual growth rate — annualises that figure: CAGR = (final ÷ initial)^(1 ÷ years) − 1. CAGR is the like-for-like number to compare investments held for different lengths of time.

What it doesn't do

  • Investments with mid-period contributions or withdrawals (we assume one initial sum)
  • Tax on capital gains (use the Tax Estimator for that, separately)

Last reviewed: 2026-05

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